{"id":15667,"date":"2021-02-19T13:40:56","date_gmt":"2021-02-19T13:40:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/transfergo.wpengine.com\/cum-functioneaza-sistemul-de-securitate-sociala-in-germania-si-care-sunt-asigurarile-obligatorii"},"modified":"2024-11-27T14:23:32","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T14:23:32","slug":"cum-functioneaza-sistemul-de-securitate-sociala-germania-si-care-sunt-asigurarile-obligatorii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/cum-functioneaza-sistemul-de-securitate-sociala-germania-si-care-sunt-asigurarile-obligatorii","title":{"rendered":"Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 sistemul de securitate social\u0103 \u00een Germania \u0219i care sunt asigur\u0103rile obligatorii?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dac\u0103 sunte\u021bi angajat \u00een Germania, sunte\u021bi de obicei obligat s\u0103 fi\u021bi asigurat la sistemul german de asigurare social\u0103. Este a\u0219a-numita asigurare social\u0103 de stat obligatorie \u0219i se face automat la angajare.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ceea ce este special \u00een regimul de asigur\u0103ri german, este faptul c\u0103 la cotiza\u021bie contribuie at\u00e2t angajatul c\u00e2t \u0219i angajatorul. Dumneavoastr\u0103 ve\u021bi suporta o parte din costuri, cealalt\u0103 parte este suportat\u0103 de angajatorul dumneavoastr\u0103.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Costurile reprezint\u0103 un procent fix din venitul dumneavoastr\u0103 \u0219i sunt deduse direct din salariu. Acoperirea \u00eencepe din ziua \u00een care \u00eencepe\u021bi activitatea \u00een Germania.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">NOT\u0102: Exist\u0103 excep\u021bii de la acest principiu pentru anumite tipuri de munc\u0103. Pentru anumite persoane deta\u0219ate, lucr\u0103tori frontalieri \u0219i persoane care lucreaz\u0103 \u00een mai multe state UE.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tipuri de asigur\u0103ri \u00een cadrul asigur\u0103rii sociale de stat obligatorii&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dac\u0103 lucra\u021bi \u00een Germania, prin contribu\u021biilor la asigur\u0103rile sociale, ave\u021bi de obicei f\u0103cute urm\u0103toarele asigur\u0103ri legale:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><b>Asigurarea de s\u0103n\u0103tate de stat<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> acoper\u0103 costurile pentru vizitele medicale precum \u0219i pentru multe medicamente \u0219i tratamente.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Asigurarea de \u00eengrijire legal\u0103<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> va ofer\u0103 protec\u021bie social\u0103 de baz\u0103 \u00een cazul \u00een care ave\u021bi nevoie de \u00eengrijire pe termen lung cauzat\u0103 de boal\u0103.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Asigurarea legal\u0103 \u00eempotriva accidentelor<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> preia costurile tratamentului medical \u0219i pentru \u00eencadrarea \u00een via\u021ba profesional\u0103 dup\u0103 un accident de munc\u0103 sau \u00een cazul unei boli profesionale. Acesta pl\u0103te\u0219te compensa\u021bii pentru salarii pe durata incapacit\u0103\u021bii de munc\u0103, precum \u0219i pensii \u00een cazul probleme permanente de s\u0103n\u0103tate, inclusiv presta\u021bii pentru urma\u0219i.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Asigurarea de pensie de stat<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> preia serviciile de reabilitare precum \u0219i plata pensiei pentru v\u00e2rst\u0103, \u00een cazul reducerii capacit\u0103\u021bii de munc\u0103 sau \u00een caz de deces.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><b>Asigurarea de \u0219omaj de stat<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> pl\u0103te\u0219te \u00een anumite condi\u021bii un venit \u00een timpul c\u0103ut\u0103rii un loc de munc\u0103 \u0219i sus\u021bine c\u0103utarea unui loc de munc\u0103 prin oferte de consiliere \u0219i plasare.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">OBLIGA\u021aIA DE COLABORARE: \u00ceNREGISTRAREA DE C\u0102TRE ANGAJATOR \u0218I COOPERAREA DUMNEAVOASTR\u0102<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Obliga\u021bia de \u00eenregistrare a angajatorului dumneavoastr\u0103&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Angajatorul dumneavoastr\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 v\u0103 \u00eenregistreze \u00een sistemul de securitate social\u0103. Acest lucru \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 angajatorul trebuie s\u0103 comunice casei de asigur\u0103ri de s\u0103n\u0103tate (Krankenkasse) urm\u0103toarele informa\u021bii cu privire la dumneavoastr\u0103:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">numele<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">adresa<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">num\u0103rul de asigurat<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">cet\u0103\u021benia<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">salariul \u0219i informa\u021bii cu privire la activitatea pe care o desf\u0103\u0219ura\u021bi<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Prin aceast\u0103 <\/span><b>obliga\u021bie de \u00eenregistrare<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> se asigur\u0103 plata de c\u0103tre angajator a contribu\u021biilor \u00een sistemul de securitate social\u0103, parte a cotiza\u021biei dumneavoastr\u0103 totale.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Obliga\u021bia de cooperare a dumneavoastr\u0103 ca angajat<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pentru c\u0103 angajatorul dumneavoastr\u0103 s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i poat\u0103 \u00eendeplini obliga\u021biile, dumneavoastr\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 \u00eei pune\u021bi la dispozi\u021bie informa\u021biile de care are nevoie. A\u0219adar \u0219i dumneavoastr\u0103 sunte\u021bi supus<\/span><b> obliga\u021biei cooperare.<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">IMPORTANT. \u00cen anumite sectoare de activitate angajatorul trebuie s\u0103 realizeze \u00eenregistrarea \u00eenc\u0103 dinainte c\u0103 dumneavoastr\u0103 s\u0103 v\u0103 \u00eencepe\u021bi munc\u0103. Acestea sunt sectoare de activitate care v-ar putea fi de interes:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">domeniul construc\u021biilor<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">restaurante sau hoteluri<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">firmele de expedi\u021bii<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">domeniul transportului \u0219i al logisticii legate de acesta<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">domeniul cur\u0103\u021beniei de cl\u0103diri \u0219i\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">industria c\u0103rnii<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A\u0219adar, conform obliga\u021biei de cooperare, \u0219i dumneavoastr\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 comunica\u021bi informa\u021biile necesare \u00eenc\u0103 dinaintea \u00eenceperii activit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i \u00een cazul unui control trebuie s\u0103 ave\u021bi mereu documentul de identitate la dumneavoastr\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mai multe informa\u021bii cu privire la procedurile de \u00eenregistrare \u0219i de contribu\u021bii primi\u021bi de la Casa Na\u021bional\u0103 de Asigur\u0103ri de Pensii (Deutsche Rentenversicherung): <a href=\"https:\/\/deutsche-rentenversicherung.de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deutsche-rentenversicherung.de<\/a>. \u0218i casele de asigur\u0103ri de s\u0103n\u0103tate pun la dispozi\u021bie informa\u021bii pe paginile lor web.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Amenzi pentru nerespectarea obliga\u021biilor<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dac\u0103 angajatorul nu \u00ee\u0219i respect\u0103 obliga\u021biile de \u00eenregistrare, de plat\u0103 a contribu\u021biilor \u0219i de documentare, acest lucru este considerat \u201emunc\u0103 la negru\u201d. (conform Legii de combatere a muncii la negru \u2013 SchwarzArbG) Dac\u0103 Autoritatea constat\u0103 c\u0103 pl\u0103\u021bile nu au fost f\u0103cute corect, angajatorul va trebui s\u0103 pl\u0103teasc\u0103 retroactiv sumele corecte. Pe deasupra o tax\u0103 suplimentar\u0103 de \u00eent\u00e2rziere pentru contribu\u021biile care nu au fost pl\u0103tite corect de la \u00eenceput.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00cen plus, angajatorul poate primi \u0219i o amend\u0103 de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 50.000 de euro (conform SchwarzArbG). \u00cen anumite cazuri, angajatorul poate fi \u0219i condamnat penal. Acesta se face vinovat \u0219i dac\u0103 nu \u00ee\u0219i pl\u0103te\u0219te propria cot\u0103-parte \u0219i dac\u0103 nu pl\u0103te\u0219te cota-parte care v\u0103 revine dumneavoastr\u0103 c\u0103tre sistemul de securitate social\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Dac\u0103 angajatul nu \u00ee\u0219i respect\u0103 obliga\u021bia de cooperare \u0219i d\u0103 informa\u021bii false, insuficiente sau \u00eent\u00e2rziate, acesta poate primi o amend\u0103 de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 5.000 de euro<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&nbsp; (conform Codului Social &#8211; SGB IV \u0219i Legii de combatere a muncii la negru &#8211; SchwarzArbG).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00cen cadrul Deutsche Rentenversicherung exist\u0103 un oficiu de control, care verifica cel pu\u021bin odat\u0103 la patru ani dac\u0103 angajatorii au calculat \u0219i au pl\u0103tit contribu\u021biile corecte \u00een sistemul de securitate social\u0103 pentru to\u021bi angaja\u021bii. Dac\u0103 exist\u0103 vreun motiv de suspiciune, acest oficiu poate efectua \u0219i controale pentru perioade mai scurte.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u0218i Administra\u021bia Vamal\u0103 (Zollverwaltung sau Zollamt), mai exact Autoritatea de Control Financiar al Muncii la Negru (Finanzkontrolle Schwarzarbeit), controleaz\u0103 dac\u0103 au fost respectate obliga\u021biile de \u00eenregistrare.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dac\u0103 Zollverwaltung are nevoie de informa\u021bii din partea dumneavoastr\u0103 pentru a putea verific\u0103 dac\u0103 munc\u0103 dumneavoastr\u0103 este legal\u0103 sau nu, sunte\u021bi obligat s\u0103 le da\u021bi acele informa\u021bii. Va trebui de exemplu s\u0103 ar\u0103ta\u021bi fi\u0219e cu orele lucrate sau alte documente din care reiese programul dumneavoastr\u0103 de lucru \u0219i tipul activit\u0103\u021bii efectuate.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">NUM\u0102RUL DE ASIGURA SOCIAL\u0102&nbsp;<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Odat\u0103 cu \u00eenregistrarea \u00een sistemul de asigurare social\u0103 ve\u021bi primi un <\/span><b>num\u0103r de asigurare social\u0103<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (<\/span><b>Sozialversicherungsnummer<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">), care va r\u0103m\u00e2ne acela\u0219i toat\u0103 via\u021ba.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Prin intermediul acestui num\u0103r de asigurare social\u0103 vor fi reunite \u0219i puse la dispozi\u021bie toate datele necesare stabilirii pensiei. P\u0103stra\u021bi deci bine acest num\u0103r!<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dac\u0103 ave\u021bi mai multe \u00eentreb\u0103ri legate de tema asigur\u0103rii, pute\u021bi stabili o programare pentru consiliere personal\u0103 la un centru de consiliere (Central\u0103 consumatorului &#8211; Verbraucherzentrale) din apropiere:<a href=\"https:\/\/verbraucherzentrale.de\/beratung\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">verbraucherzentrale.de\/beratung<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dac\u0103 \u021bi-a pl\u0103cut acest articol, \u00ee\u021bi recomand\u0103m \u0219i articolul despre locuri de munc\u0103 din Germania , click <a href=\"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/de-ce-este-bine-sa-aveti-o-meserie-calificata-germania\">aici<\/a>!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dac\u0103 sunte\u021bi angajat \u00een Germania, sunte\u021bi de obicei obligat s\u0103 fi\u021bi asigurat la sistemul german de asigurare social\u0103. Este a\u0219a-numita asigurare social\u0103 de stat obligatorie \u0219i se face automat la angajare.&nbsp; Ceea ce este special \u00een regimul de asigur\u0103ri german, este faptul c\u0103 la cotiza\u021bie contribuie at\u00e2t angajatul c\u00e2t \u0219i angajatorul. Dumneavoastr\u0103 ve\u021bi suporta o [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15668,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1326,1322],"tags":[],"business_case_studies_tags":[],"class_list":["post-15667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-munca-in-strainatate","category-viata-in-strainatate"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Verzekering-bescherming-familie-gezondheid-leven-huis-en-auto-conceptv.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15667"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15667\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15667"},{"taxonomy":"business_case_studies_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/business_case_studies_tags?post=15667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}