{"id":15461,"date":"2021-01-13T13:53:55","date_gmt":"2021-01-13T13:53:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/transfergo.wpengine.com\/institutii-publice-importante-pentru-viata-de-zi-cu-zi-in-germania-si-informatii-foarte-utile-in-relationarea-cu-oficiul"},"modified":"2025-05-12T05:45:10","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T05:45:10","slug":"institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile","title":{"rendered":"Institu\u021bii publice \u00een Germania \u0219i informa\u021bii utile \u00een rela\u021bionarea cu oficiul"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sistemul german este cunoscut \u0219i apreciat c\u0103 fiind unul foarte bine organizat. Dac\u0103 vorbim despre institu\u021bii publice, fiecare are un rol bine definit \u0219i legisla\u021bia german\u0103 este una complex\u0103, este important s\u0103 \u0219ti\u021bi unde va pute\u021bi adresa pentru orice problem\u0103 administrativ\u0103, social\u0103 sau de alt\u0103 natur\u0103.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pentru a v\u0103 ajut\u0103 s\u0103 v\u0103 descurca\u021bi mult mai u\u0219or atunci c\u00e2nd ave\u021bi de rezolvat un anumit lucru, v-am preg\u0103tit o list\u0103 a c\u00e2torva dintre cele mai importante institu\u021bii din Germania \u0219i o selec\u021bie a celor mai utile informa\u021bii cu privire la fiecare dintre ele.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00cen cazul unui accident, a unei probleme grave de s\u0103n\u0103tate, incendiu, numerele de urgen\u021b\u0103 din Germania sunt: 110 pentru poli\u021bie (Polizei), 112 pentru serviciile de urgen\u021b\u0103 \u2013 pompieri (Feuerwehr) \u0219i ambulan\u021b\u0103 (Rettungsdienst).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"576\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-1.jpg?resize=1024,576\" alt=\"institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile\" class=\"wp-image-240682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-1.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-1.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-1.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-1.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-1.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Cuprins<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#arbeitsamt-sau-agentur-fur-arbeit\">Arbeitsamt sau Agentur f\u00fcr Arbeit<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#arbeitsgericht\">Arbeitsgericht\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#zollamt\">Zollamt\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#familienkasse\">Familienkasse\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#finanzamt\">Finanzamt<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#altele-cateva-institu\u021bii-utile\">Altele c\u00e2teva institu\u021bii publice<\/a><ul><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"arbeitsamt-sau-agentur-fur-arbeit\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arbeitsamt sau Agentur f\u00fcr Arbeit<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La Oficiul pentru Ocuparea For\u021bei de Munc\u0103 va pute\u021bi \u00eenregistra ca \u0219omer (Arbeitslos) \u0219i pute\u021bi declara c\u0103 sunte\u021bi \u00een c\u0103utarea unui loc de munc\u0103 (Arbeitssuchend). Biroul ofer\u0103 servicii de consiliere pentru g\u0103sirea unui loc de munc\u0103. Mai mult dec\u00e2t at\u00e2t, faciliteaz\u0103 posibilit\u0103\u021bi de formare \u0219i dezvoltare profesional\u0103, \u0219i poate oferi suport \u00een \u00eenfiin\u021barea unei afaceri proprii. Cite\u0219te mai mult <a href=\"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/cele-mai-bune-oportunitati-de-munca-germania-2021-partea-2\/\">aici<\/a>!<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tot la Agentur fur Arbeit pute\u021bi depune cererea pentru ajutorul de \u0219omaj (Arbeitslosengeld) dac\u0103 \u00eendeplini\u021bi condi\u021biile legale \u00een vigoare. Totodat\u0103, oficiul se ocup\u0103 de formalit\u0103\u021bile de transferare a drepturilor dumneavoastr\u0103 de \u0219omaj \u00een Rom\u00e2nia. Astfel, \u00een situa\u021bia \u00een care a\u021bi intrat \u00een \u0219omaj \u00een Germania \u0219i dori\u021bi s\u0103 v\u0103 \u00eentoarce\u021bi \u00een \u021bar\u0103, pute\u021bi beneficia de banii de \u0219omaj aici.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00cen situa\u021bia mai pu\u021bin fericit\u0103 \u00een care firma la care a\u021bi lucrat a intrat \u00een insolven\u021b\u0103, la Oficiul pentru Ocuparea For\u021bei de Munc\u0103 pute\u021bi depune cerere pentru a primi salariile restante pentru perioada ultimelor trei luni de contract.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"576\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile.jpg?resize=1024,576\" alt=\"institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile\" class=\"wp-image-240692\" srcset=\"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"arbeitsgericht\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arbeitsgericht&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tribunalul pentru Litigii de Munc\u0103 este responsabil pentru problemele care pot ap\u0103rea \u00eentre angajat (Angestellte) \u0219i angajator (Arbeitgeber\/in). Aici pute\u021bi depune pl\u00e2ngere dac\u0103 a\u021bi fost concediat pe nedrept sau dac\u0103 angajatorul nu v-a pl\u0103tit drepturile salariale.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fiecare tribunal are un birou de consiliere care va poate ajuta s\u0103 depune\u021bi gratuit o pl\u00e2ngere, f\u0103r\u0103 a aplica la un avocat.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"zollamt\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zollamt&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oficiul Vamal are \u00een atribu\u021bii, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 cele legate de vam\u0103, \u0219i lupta \u00eempotriva muncii la negru. Aici pute\u021bi depune o reclama\u021bie dac\u0103 angajatorul nu v-a f\u0103cut contract de munc\u0103, dac\u0103 sunte\u021bi obliga\u021bi s\u0103 munci\u021bi ore suplimentare f\u0103r\u0103 a fi pl\u0103tit&nbsp; sau dac\u0103 vi se dau bani pe orele suplimentare f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eentocmire de acte.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"familienkasse\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Familienkasse&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00cen cadrul Direc\u021biei de Asisten\u021b\u0103 Social\u0103 \u0219i Protec\u021bia Copilului pute\u021bi depune cererea pentru aloca\u0163ie (Kindergeld). \u00cencep\u00e2nd cu 1 ianuarie 2021 legisla\u021bia prevede acordarea unui minim de 219 euro lunar pentru un copil.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tot aici, pute\u021bi solicita aloca\u021bia suplimentar\u0103 pentru copii pe care statul german o ofer\u0103 familiilor cu venituri mici (Kinderzuschlag).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pe platforma online \u201cKindergeld.org\u201d g\u0103si\u021bi informa\u021bii detaliate foarte utile \u0219i formularele necesare pentru depunerea de cerere, \u00een limba rom\u00e2n\u0103:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kindergeld.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/merkblatt-kindergeld-rumaenisch.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bro\u0219ur\u0103 informativ\u0103 aloca\u021bie pentru copii<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kindergeld.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/kg1-rumaenisch.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cerere aloca\u021bie pentru copii&nbsp;<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kindergeld.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/kg1-anlagekind-rumaenisch.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anex\u0103 pentru copil la cererea de aloca\u0163ie pentru copii&nbsp;<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"finanzamt\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Finanzamt<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La Oficiul pentru Taxe \u0219i Impozite pute\u021bi depune declara\u021bia anual\u0103 de impozit (Steuererkl\u00e4rung) \u0219i solicita modificarea clasei de impozitare (Steuerklasse) dac\u0103 situa\u021bia dumneavoastr\u0103 familial\u0103 s-a schimbat.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cu toate c\u0103 nu ave\u021bi obliga\u021bia legal\u0103 de a depune declara\u021bia de impozit dac\u0103 sunte\u021bi angajat \u0219i nu ave\u021bi alte venituri \u00een afara salariului, cu siguran\u021b\u0103 merit\u0103 efortul de a o face. Cifrele de la Oficiul Federal de Statistic\u0103 arat\u0103 c\u0103 aproximativ 88% din declara\u021biile fiscale duc la o rambursare a impozitului. Fiecare angajat care face o declara\u021bie prime\u0219te \u00een medie 1.027 euro \u00eenapoi &#8211; bani care altfel ar r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een trezorerie (valoarea se refer\u0103 la anul 2016, cel mai recent sondaj).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Platforma \u201cfinanztip.de\u201d ofer\u0103 informa\u021biinecesare despre tot ce presupune declararea veniturilor \u00een Germania \u0219i ofer\u0103 sfaturi despre cum v\u0103 pute\u021bi depune singuri declara\u021bia online. Intra\u021bi pe pagin\u0103 \u201dfinanztip.de\u201d \u0219i la \u201cSuche\u201d (c\u0103utare) tasta\u021bi \u201cSteuererkl\u00e4rung 2019\u201d.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tot \u00een cadrul Oficiului pentru Taxe \u0219i Impozite primi\u021bi \u0219i num\u0103rul de identificare (Identifikationsnummer) dup\u0103 ce v-a\u021bi \u00eenregistrat domiciliul \u00een Germania.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"576\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-2.jpg?resize=1024,576\" alt=\"institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile\" class=\"wp-image-240702\" srcset=\"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-2.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-2.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-2.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-2.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/institutii-publice-germania-informatii-utile-2.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"altele-cateva-institu\u021bii-utile\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Altele c\u00e2teva institu\u021bii publice<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"burgeramt-sau-burgerburo-\u0219i-einwohnermeldeamt\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B\u00fcrgeramt sau B\u00fcrgerb\u00fcro \u0219i Einwohnermeldeamt<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B\u00fcrgeramt este Oficiul de Informare pentru Cet\u0103\u021beni \u0219i apar\u021bine de prim\u0103ria localit\u0103\u021bii. Oficiul pentru Eviden\u021ba Popula\u021biei \u2013 Einwohnermeldeamt, este, de obicei, integrat \u00een B\u00fcrgeramt. Aici v\u0103 \u00eenregistra\u021bi domiciliul (Anmeldung) \u0219i tot aici depune\u021bi cererea de scoatere din eviden\u021b\u0103 la plecarea din Germania (Abmeldung).&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"standesamt\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Standesamt<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La Oficiul St\u0103rii Civile se realizeaz\u0103 \u00eenregistrarea unui nou-n\u0103scut (Eintragung im Geburtenregister), se elibereaz\u0103 certificatele de na\u0219tere (Geburtsurkunde) \u0219i de c\u0103s\u0103torie (Eheurkunde).&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"staatliches-schulamt\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Staatliches Schulamt<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inspectoratul \u015ecolar de Stat ofer\u0103 consiliere pentru \u00eenscrierea copiilor \u00een sistemul de \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2nt german.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"zulassungsstelle\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zulassungsstelle<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00cen cazul \u00een care v-a\u021bi cump\u0103rat o ma\u0219in\u0103, \u00eenmatricularea s\u0103 (Zulassung) se face la Oficiul pentru \u00cenmatricul\u0103ri Auto.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fuhrerscheinstelle\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">F\u00fchrerscheinstelle<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La Biroul pentru Premise Auto se elibereaz\u0103 permisele noi sau se schimb\u0103 cele expirate. De asemenea, aici pute\u021bi schimba permisul rom\u00e2nesc cu un permis german (F\u00fchrerschein).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"wohngeldstelle\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wohngeldstelle<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La Biroul pentru Ajutor Social de Locuin\u021b\u0103 pute\u021bi depune o cerere pentru ajutor social pentru locuin\u021b\u0103. Orice cet\u0103\u021bean sau familie cu venituri mici are dreptul de a solicita asisten\u021b\u0103. Sprijinul se acord\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de venituri \u0219i de m\u0103rimea chiriei, \u0219i difer\u0103 de la o localitate la alta.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rela\u021bia cu autorit\u0103\u021bile poate fi dificil\u0103 dac\u0103 nu cunoa\u0219te\u021bi limba german\u0103. de aceea v\u0103 recomand\u0103m s\u0103 merge\u021bi la \u00eent\u00e2lniri cu cineva care st\u0103p\u00e2ne\u0219te limba \u0219i v\u0103 poate ajuta la traducere.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sistemul german este cunoscut \u0219i apreciat c\u0103 fiind unul foarte bine organizat. Dac\u0103 vorbim despre institu\u021bii publice, fiecare are un rol bine definit \u0219i legisla\u021bia german\u0103 este una complex\u0103, este important s\u0103 \u0219ti\u021bi unde va pute\u021bi adresa pentru orice problem\u0103 administrativ\u0103, social\u0103 sau de alt\u0103 natur\u0103.\u00a0 Pentru a v\u0103 ajut\u0103 s\u0103 v\u0103 descurca\u021bi mult mai [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15462,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1323,1322],"tags":[],"business_case_studies_tags":[],"class_list":["post-15461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sfaturi-viata-in-strainatate","category-viata-in-strainatate"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/resize-161054301097703526iStock1169195898.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15461"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":240712,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15461\/revisions\/240712"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15461"},{"taxonomy":"business_case_studies_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/develop.wpvip.tgalpha.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/business_case_studies_tags?post=15461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}